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[function] strerror ํจ์ ์์๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ

๐ ๋งค๋ด์ผ (Linux)
NAME
strerror - return string describing error number
: ์ค๋ฅ ๋ฒํธ๋ฅผ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ๋ฐํ
SYNOPSIS
#include <string.h>
char *strerror(int errnum);
DESCRIPTION
The strerror() function returns a pointer to a string that describes
the error code passed in the argument errnum, possibly using the
LC_MESSAGES part of the current locale to select the appropriate lanโ
guage. (For example, if errnum is EINVAL, the returned description
will be "Invalid argument".) This string must not be modified by the
application, but may be modified by a subsequent call to strerror() or
strerror_l(). No other library function, including perror(3), will
modify this string.
: strererror() ํจ์๋ ์ธ์ errnum์ ์ ๋ฌ๋ ์ค๋ฅ ์ฝ๋๋ฅผ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ํฌ์ธํฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํํ๋ฉฐ,
ํ์ฌ ๋ก์ผ์ผ์ LC_MESSAGES ๋ถ๋ถ์ ์ฌ์ฉํ์ฌ ์ ์ ํ ์ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ํํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
(์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด errnum์ด EINVAL์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ๋ฐํ๋๋ ์ค๋ช ์ "Invalid argument"์ ๋๋ค.)
์ด ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ์์ฉ ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์์ ์์ ํ ์ ์์ง๋ง strererror() ๋๋ strererror_l()๋ก
ํ์ ํธ์ถํ๋ฉด ์์ ํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. errror(3)์ ํฌํจํ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ผ์ด๋ธ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ํจ์๋
์ด ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ์์ ํ์ง ์์ต๋๋ค.
RETURN VALUE
The strerror() functions return the appropriate error description string,
or an "Unknown error nnn" message if the error number is unknown.
POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 require that a successful call to strโ
error() or strerror_l() shall leave errno unchanged, and note that,
since no function return value is reserved to indicate an error, an apโ
plication that wishes to check for errors should initialize errno to
zero before the call, and then check errno after the call.
: strererror() ํจ์๋ ์ ์ ํ ์ค๋ฅ ์ค๋ช ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ๋ฐํํ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ค๋ฅ ๋ฒํธ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ
"Unknown error nnn" ๋ฉ์์ง๋ฅผ ๋ฐํํฉ๋๋ค.
POSIX.1-2001 ๋ฐ POSIX.1-2008์ strererror() ๋๋ strererror_l()์ ๋ํ ํธ์ถ์ด ์ฑ๊ณตํ๋ฉด
errno๊ฐ ๋ณ๊ฒฝ๋์ง ์๊ณ ์ ์ง๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ฉฐ, ํจ์ ๋ฐํ ๊ฐ์ด ์ค๋ฅ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ด๊ธฐ ์ํด ์์ฝ๋์ง ์์ผ๋ฏ๋ก
์ค๋ฅ๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ๋ ค๋ ์์ฉ ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ํธ์ถ ์ ์ errno๋ฅผ 0์ผ๋ก ์ด๊ธฐํํ ๋ค์ ํธ์ถ ํ์ errno๋ฅผ ํ์ธํด์ผ ํฉ๋๋ค.
๐ ํจ์ ์ค๋ช
strerror() ํจ์๋ ์ค๋ฅ ๋ฒํธ์ธ errno์ ๋ํด ํด๋น ์๋ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ๋ฐํํด์ฃผ๋ ํจ์์ด๋ค.
์ธ์๋ ์๋ฌ ๋ฒํธ์ธ errno์ด๊ณ , ๋ฐํ๊ฐ์ ์๋ฌ์ ๋ํ ์ค๋ช ๋ฌธ์์ด์ด๋ค.
perror๊ฐ errno๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ก ์ธ์๋ก ๋ฐ์์ค์ง ์๊ณ , ์์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฒ๋ฆฌํด์ค๋ค๋ฉด, strerror๋ ์ธ์๋ก ์ง์ ๋ฐ์์ค๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์,
errno๋ฅผ ๋ฃ์ง ์๊ณ ํน์ ์ซ์ ๋๋ ์๋ฌ๋ฌธ์๋ฅผ ๋ฃ์ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ์ ๋์ํ๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ๋ฐํํ๋ค.
๋ฆฌํด ๊ฐ : ํด๋น errno์ ๋์๋๋ ์๋ฌ ๋ฉ์์ง
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
int file = 10000;
if(close(file) == -1)
printf("์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: %s, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: %d\n", strerror(errno), errno);
return (0);
}
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ)
| ์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: Bad file descriptor, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: 9 |
์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์์, errno๊ฐ ๋ฐ๋์ด, strerror๊ฐ ํด๋น errno์ ๋์๋๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ ์ถ๋ ฅํด์ค๋ค.
์ฌ๊ธฐ์๋ Bad file descriptor ๊ฐ ๋ฐํ๋ ๋ฌธ์์ด์ด๋ค.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
errno = 5;
printf("์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: %s, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: %d\n", strerror(errno), errno);
return (0);
}
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ)
| ์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: Input/output error, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: 5 |
์ด์ ๊ฐ์ด, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์ errno ๋ฅผ ์์ ํ์ฌ strerror์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์ ๋ฐ๊ฟ ์ ์๋ค.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
errno = 5;
printf("์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: %s, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: %d\n", strerror(0), errno);
return (0);
}
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ)
| ์๋ฌ ๋ฐ์: Success, ์๋ฌ ๋ณ์: 5 |
๋น์ฐํ ์ธ์๋ฅผ errno๋ก ํ์ง ์๊ณ ์ง์ ์ซ์๋ฅผ ๋์ํด์ ๋ฃ์ผ๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
[ errno list ]
| 1 | 0x01 | EPERM | Operation not permitted |
| 2 | 0x02 | ENOENT | No such file or directory |
| 3 | 0x03 | ESRCH | No such process |
| 4 | 0x04 | EINTR | Interrupted system call |
| 5 | 0x05 | EIO | Input/output error |
| 6 | 0x06 | ENXIO | No such device or address |
| 7 | 0x07 | E2BIG | Argument list too long |
| 8 | 0x08 | ENOEXEC | Exec format error |
| 9 | 0x09 | EBADF | Bad file descriptor |
| 10 | 0x0a | ECHILD | No child processes |
| 11 | 0x0b | EAGAIN | Resource temporarily unavailable |
| 11 | 0x0b | EWOULDBLOCK | (Same value as EAGAIN) Resource temporarily unavailable |
| 12 | 0x0c | ENOMEM | Cannot allocate memory |
| 13 | 0x0d | EACCES | Permission denied |
| 14 | 0x0e | EFAULT | Bad address |
| 15 | 0x0f | ENOTBLK | Block device required |
| 16 | 0x10 | EBUSY | Device or resource busy |
| 17 | 0x11 | EEXIST | File exists |
| 18 | 0x12 | EXDEV | Invalid cross-device link |
| 19 | 0x13 | ENODEV | No such device |
| 20 | 0x14 | ENOTDIR | Not a directory |
| 21 | 0x15 | EISDIR | Is a directory |
| 22 | 0x16 | EINVAL | Invalid argument |
| 23 | 0x17 | ENFILE | Too many open files in system |
| 24 | 0x18 | EMFILE | Too many open files |
| 25 | 0x19 | ENOTTY | Inappropriate ioctl for device |
| 26 | 0x1a | ETXTBSY | Text file busy |
| 27 | 0x1b | EFBIG | File too large |
| 28 | 0x1c | ENOSPC | No space left on device |
| 29 | 0x1d | ESPIPE | Illegal seek |
| 30 | 0x1e | EROFS | Read-only file system |
| 31 | 0x1f | EMLINK | Too many links |
| 32 | 0x20 | EPIPE | Broken pipe |
| 33 | 0x21 | EDOM | Numerical argument out of domain |
| 34 | 0x22 | ERANGE | Numerical result out of range |
| 35 | 0x23 | EDEADLK | Resource deadlock avoided |
| 35 | 0x23 | EDEADLOCK | (Same value as EDEADLK) Resource deadlock avoided |
| 36 | 0x24 | ENAMETOOLONG | File name too long |
| 37 | 0x25 | ENOLCK | No locks available |
| 38 | 0x26 | ENOSYS | Function not implemented |
| 39 | 0x27 | ENOTEMPTY | Directory not empty |
| 40 | 0x28 | ELOOP | Too many levels of symbolic links |
| 41 | 0x29 | not implemented | |
| 42 | 0x2a | ENOMSG | No message of desired type |
| 43 | 0x2b | EIDRM | Identifier removed |
| 44 | 0x2c | ECHRNG | Channel number out of range |
| 45 | 0x2d | EL2NSYNC | Level 2 not synchronized |
| 46 | 0x2e | EL3HLT | Level 3 halted |
| 47 | 0x2f | EL3RST | Level 3 reset |
| 48 | 0x30 | ELNRNG | Link number out of range |
| 49 | 0x31 | EUNATCH | Protocol driver not attached |
| 50 | 0x32 | ENOCSI | No CSI structure available |
| 51 | 0x33 | EL2HLT | Level 2 halted |
| 52 | 0x34 | EBADE | Invalid exchange |
| 53 | 0x35 | EBADR | Invalid request descriptor |
| 54 | 0x36 | EXFULL | Exchange full |
| 55 | 0x37 | ENOANO | No anode |
| 56 | 0x38 | EBADRQC | Invalid request code |
| 57 | 0x39 | EBADSLT | Invalid slot |
| 58 | 0x3a | not implemented | |
| 59 | 0x3b | EBFONT | Bad font file format |
| 60 | 0x3c | ENOSTR | Device not a stream |
| 61 | 0x3d | ENODATA | No data available |
| 62 | 0x3e | ETIME | Timer expired |
| 63 | 0x3f | ENOSR | Out of streams resources |
| 64 | 0x40 | ENONET | Machine is not on the network |
| 65 | 0x41 | ENOPKG | Package not installed |
| 66 | 0x42 | EREMOTE | Object is remote |
| 67 | 0x43 | ENOLINK | Link has been severed |
| 68 | 0x44 | EADV | Advertise error |
| 69 | 0x45 | ESRMNT | Srmount error |
| 70 | 0x46 | ECOMM | Communication error on send |
| 71 | 0x47 | EPROTO | Protocol error |
| 72 | 0x48 | EMULTIHOP | Multihop attempted |
| 73 | 0x49 | EDOTDOT | RFS specific error |
| 74 | 0x4a | EBADMSG | Bad message |
| 75 | 0x4b | EOVERFLOW | Value too large for defined data type |
| 76 | 0x4c | ENOTUNIQ | Name not unique on network |
| 77 | 0x4d | EBADFD | File descriptor in bad state |
| 78 | 0x4e | EREMCHG | Remote address changed |
| 79 | 0x4f | ELIBACC | Can not access a needed shared library |
| 80 | 0x50 | ELIBBAD | Accessing a corrupted shared library |
| 81 | 0x51 | ELIBSCN | .lib section in a.out corrupted |
| 82 | 0x52 | ELIBMAX | Attempting to link in too many shared libraries |
| 83 | 0x53 | ELIBEXEC | Cannot exec a shared library directly |
| 84 | 0x54 | EILSEQ | Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character |
| 85 | 0x55 | ERESTART | Interrupted system call should be restarted |
| 86 | 0x56 | ESTRPIPE | Streams pipe error |
| 87 | 0x57 | EUSERS | Too many users |
| 88 | 0x58 | ENOTSOCK | Socket operation on non-socket |
| 89 | 0x59 | EDESTADDRREQ | Destination address required |
| 90 | 0x5a | EMSGSIZE | Message too long |
| 91 | 0x5b | EPROTOTYPE | Protocol wrong type for socket |
| 92 | 0x5c | ENOPROTOOPT | Protocol not available |
| 93 | 0x5d | EPROTONOSUPPORT | Protocol not supported |
| 94 | 0x5e | ESOCKTNOSUPPORT | Socket type not supported |
| 95 | 0x5f | EOPNOTSUPP | Operation not supported |
| 95 | 0x5f | ENOTSUP | (Same value as EOPNOTSUPP) Operation not supported |
| 96 | 0x60 | EPFNOSUPPORT | Protocol family not supported |
| 97 | 0x61 | EAFNOSUPPORT | Address family not supported by protocol |
| 98 | 0x62 | EADDRINUSE | Address already in use |
| 99 | 0x63 | EADDRNOTAVAIL | Cannot assign requested address |
| 100 | 0x64 | ENETDOWN | Network is down |
| 101 | 0x65 | ENETUNREACH | Network is unreachable |
| 102 | 0x66 | ENETRESET | Network dropped connection on reset |
| 103 | 0x67 | ECONNABORTED | Software caused connection abort |
| 104 | 0x68 | ECONNRESET | Connection reset by peer |
| 105 | 0x69 | ENOBUFS | No buffer space available |
| 106 | 0x6a | EISCONN | Transport endpoint is already connected |
| 107 | 0x6b | ENOTCONN | Transport endpoint is not connected |
| 108 | 0x6c | ESHUTDOWN | Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown |
| 109 | 0x6d | ETOOMANYREFS | Too many references: cannot splice |
| 110 | 0x6e | ETIMEDOUT | Connection timed out |
| 111 | 0x6f | ECONNREFUSED | Connection refused |
| 112 | 0x70 | EHOSTDOWN | Host is down |
| 113 | 0x71 | EHOSTUNREACH | No route to host |
| 114 | 0x72 | EALREADY | Operation already in progress |
| 115 | 0x73 | EINPROGRESS | Operation now in progress |
| 116 | 0x74 | ESTALE | Stale file handle |
| 117 | 0x75 | EUCLEAN | Structure needs cleaning |
| 118 | 0x76 | ENOTNAM | Not a XENIX named type file |
| 119 | 0x77 | ENAVAIL | No XENIX semaphores available |
| 120 | 0x78 | EISNAM | Is a named type file |
| 121 | 0x79 | EREMOTEIO | Remote I/O error |
| 122 | 0x7a | EDQUOT | Disk quota exceeded |
| 123 | 0x7b | ENOMEDIUM | No medium found |
| 124 | 0x7c | EMEDIUMTYPE | Wrong medium type |
| 125 | 0x7d | ECANCELED | Operation canceled |
| 126 | 0x7e | ENOKEY | Required key not available |
| 127 | 0x7f | EKEYEXPIRED | Key has expired |
| 128 | 0x80 | EKEYREVOKED | Key has been revoked |
| 129 | 0x81 | EKEYREJECTED | Key was rejected by service |
| 130 | 0x82 | EOWNERDEAD | Owner died |
| 131 | 0x83 | ENOTRECOVERABLE | State not recoverable |
| 132 | 0x84 | ERFKILL | Operation not possible due to RF-kill |
| 133 | 0x85 | EHWPOISON | Memory page has hardware error |
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